Global forest fires have increased significantly in recent years, having serious impacts on the environment, human health and the economy. In this analysis, we will discuss the main causes of this phenomenon. One of the main causes of forest fires is climate change. Rising global temperatures due to greenhouse gas emissions are lengthening the dry season and increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme weather. In many areas, prolonged drought creates ideal conditions for forest fires. For example, in Australia and California, increasingly hot climate conditions have contributed to massive fires resulting in extensive forest destruction. Human activity also plays a major role in the increase in forest fires. Clearing land for agriculture, plantations and infrastructure development often involves deliberate burning of land. This practice, although illegal in many countries, is continued due to economic necessity. Countries in the Amazon and Southeast Asia often face this problem, where deforestation is carried out by burning, increasing the risk of uncontrolled fires. Apart from that, socio-economic factors also contribute to forest fires. Many communities depend on subsistence farming, and land burning is considered the easiest and quickest way to clear the land. Without sustainable alternatives and access to modern agricultural technology, communities are often forced to continue these environmentally damaging practices. Meanwhile, natural fires, such as lightning, are still one of the causes of forest fires. However, their intensity and frequency can be exacerbated by human activities and the impact of climate change. Naturally started fires can spread quickly in degraded areas, where dense, dry vegetation can accelerate fire spread. Forest burning also has a domino impact on biodiversity. When forest habitats are destroyed, species that depend on these ecosystems are threatened with extinction. Deforestation caused by fires not only reduces the number of trees, but also disrupts complex ecological networks, affecting food chains and habitats. Political uncertainty and weak environmental policies often make efforts to fight forest fires ineffective. When the government is unable to enforce strict regulations on burning practices, local communities tend to continue burning without thinking about the consequences. Inadequate law enforcement and corruption also exacerbate the situation. The role of education and public awareness is also very important. Many people are unaware of the long-term effects that forest fires can have, both on the environment and their own health. Educational campaigns that raise awareness about the impact of bushfires can help reduce future incidents. Although modern firefighting technology exists, it is important to focus on prevention. Efforts to reforest and restore degraded ecosystems can strengthen forest resilience to fires. Additionally, sustainable forest management practices can help reduce fire risk. Global forest fires are a complex problem that requires a multi-disciplinary approach. Scientists, policymakers and civil society must collaborate to find effective solutions. By understanding the causes of forest fires, we can take proactive steps to protect the environment and ensure the sustainability of ecosystems for future generations.